【翻譯】為什麼廢除《性別承認法GRA改革》對婦女和女孩來說是個好消息？
原網址：Why is scrapping GRA reform such good news for women and girls?
原始翻譯：Ｋ
校對與補充翻譯：柚子旅人
GRA reform has been scrapped by the UK government for England and Wales. This comes after an incredible grassroots campaign by ordinary women against allowing people to simply self-identify (“self-ID”) as the other sex to get a Gender Recognition Certificate and then a new birth certificate. But why was it so important for us to defend our rights? 英國政府取消了英格蘭和威爾士的 GRA 修法。此前，普通女性發起了一場令人難以置信的草根運動，反對讓人們簡單地自我識別self-identify（self-ID）為異性以獲得性別承認證書（Gender Recognition Certificate），然後獲得新的出生證明（birth certificate）。 但是為什麼捍衛我們的權利對我們來說如此重要？ Transgender rights are already protected in law, and that won’t change. But trans pressure groups took it too far, they weren’t just asking for trans rights, they were demanding women’s sex-based rights too. Women said no. 跨性別者（Transgender）的權利已經受法律保護，並且不會改變。但跨性別壓力組織（trans pressure groups）把它推動的太遠，它們不只是要求跨性別者的權利，他們更苛刻地要求婦女基於生理性別的權利（women’s sex-based rights ）。女人說不。 Current rules mean the number of people who are allowed to change the sex on their birth certificates is small. Just a few thousand people have done so since 2004. 目前的規定意味被允許改變出生證明上的性別的人數很少。自 2004 年以來，只有幾千人這樣做了。 譯註：英國推測有高達1%人口自稱跨性別族群，但僅有5000多人左右合法變更自己的法定性別。英國人口約6000多萬。 But demands for Self-ID would have meant *any man* could have changed his birth certificate to say he’d been BORN female. 但是對性別自我認同（Self-ID）政策的要求，意味著「任何男人」都可以更改他的出生證明，說他從出生開始就是女性（BORN female）。 We were told time and again not to worry about it. This will have no impact on women’s sex-based rights. There’s no impact on privacy, safety or fairness for women and girls. They were wrong. This short article explains why. 我們一次又一次被告知不要擔心它（Self-ID）。這將不會影響婦女基於生理性別的權利（sex-based rights）。這不影響婦女及女孩的隱私、安全和公平性。他們是錯的。這篇短文解釋為什麼。 “The Gender Recognition Act will not affect anyone except transgender people”. All About Trans 「《性別承認法》不會影響跨性別者之外的任何人。」──All About Trans，跨運倡議團體 “It’s just admin”. Ruth Hunt, Stonewall 「這只是管理（admin）。」──Ruth Hunt，Stonewall，LGBT慈善團體 “I don’t believe there is a problem”. Jo Swinson, LibDems 「我不相信這有問題。」──Jo Swinson，自由民主黨LibDems “No changes will be made to laws that protect single-sex spaces and services” Scottish Government 「不會對保護單一性別空間和服務的法律進行任何更改。」──蘇格蘭政府 “I don’t think it threatens women” Sarah Wollaston, LibDems 「我認為它不會威脅到女性。」──Sarah Wollaston，自由民主黨LibDems GRA reform was fundamentally about language capture and would limit a woman’s ability to discuss and uphold her sex-based rights. 《性別承認法》修法，從根本上說，是關於語言的奪取，它將限制婦女討論、維護婦女基於生理性別之權利的能力。 It started out as transgender people simply asking to be protected from being treated unfairly because they are transgender. 最初，跨性別者只是要求保護他們的權利、免受到不公平對待，只因為他們是跨性別者(transgender)。 Women should respect someone’s gender identity by treating a man “as if he were a woman”. 女人應該尊重某人的性別認同身份，對待一個男人「就好像他是一個女人一樣」。 It was a courtesy, a kindness extended to people who suffered from gender dysphoria. We all know that trans people aren’t *literally* the sex they identify as. It was simply polite to use “preferred pronouns” and repeat the platitude that “transwomen are women”. 這是一種禮貌，一種對受性別不安之苦的人的善意。我們都知道，跨性別者並不是「字面上」（literally）他們認為的性別。使用他們「偏好的代名詞」並重複「跨女是女人」的陳腔濫調，只是一種禮貌。 But this then fundamentally changed. 但隨後，情勢發生了根本性的變化。 It was no longer enough to treat a man ‘as if he was a woman’. To respect his gender identity, we were told we must now believe that he was *literally* female, that he hadn’t even been born the male sex at all. 僅僅像「對待女人一樣」對待一個男人已經不夠了。為了尊重他的性別認同身份，我們被告知，我們現在必須相信他是「字面上的女性」，他甚至從出生以來就不是男性。 Why does scrapping GRA reform matter to women? 為什麼停止性別承認法修法對女人很重要？ It matters because back in 2004 the Gender Recognition Act created two routes to becoming female. Some of us are by virtue of birth and our sexed body; and others are female by virtue of asserting a gender identity – despite their sexed body. GRA reform would have opened up that second route to *any male* who wanted it. 它的重要性在於，回溯到在2004年，性別承認法創造了兩種成為女人（female）的途徑。部分的女性是基於出生性別與我們的生理軀體而得到這樣的地位，另一部分的女性是由於性別自我認同的聲明──無論他們的生理身體。性別承認法修法會對「任何想要的男性」開放第二條路徑。 Women are fast becoming a subset of their own sex class. It matters because the word woman is becoming ambiguous and no longer associated with a persons sex. It matters because women’s rights are no longer about sex-based oppression. We are “cis women” now. Being female is just a niche issue peculiar to us. It’s no longer centre stage when it comes to talking about women’s issues, in fact it is actively discouraged and considered exclusionary. 女人正迅速成為自己的性別階層下面的一個分類子集。這很重要，因為女人（woman）一詞變得模糊，而且不再與一個人的生理性別相關。這很重要，因 為婦女的權利不再是基於生理性別的壓迫（sex-based oppression）。我們現在是「順性別女（cis women）」。作為生理女性（female）只是我們特有的一個小眾議題（niche issue）。當談到女人的問題時，它（基於生理性別的壓迫）不再是舞台中心，事實上，它被積極地不被鼓勵，並被認為是具有排他性的。 This has had a profound and damaging effect on how women talk about our sex-based rights. Wholesale changes in social convention mean that many of the words used by women to discuss sex-based oppression are now off limits. This makes even the most respectful conversations about how we fairly balance rights based on sex and rights based on gender identity fraught with difficulties and tension. 這對女人如何談論我們的基於生理性別的權利，產生了深遠而破壞性的影響。社會習俗的大規模變化，意味著女人用來討論基於生理性別的壓迫（sex-based oppression）的許多詞彙，現在已經被禁止使用。這甚至使得最謙卑的討論話題──我們如何公平地平衡基於生理性別的權利（rights based on sex），和基於性別認同的權利（rights based on gender identity），也充滿了艱難和壓力。 We have all but lost the word woman. The only words that we are still allowed to use without sanction is “male” and “female”. They must not be given away. 我們幾乎失去了「女人（woman）」這個詞。唯一一組我們仍被允許不被制裁而使用的是「男性（male）」和「女性（female）」。這絕對不能被放棄。 Even now, spurious scientific arguments and unfair accusations of transphobia are frequently used to muddy the meaning and use of these most basic words to describe someone’s sex. 即使是現在，虛假的科學爭論和恐跨的不公平指控，也經常混淆用來描述某人生理性別（sex）的最基本詞彙的含義和用法。 We are already starting to see Twitter impose sanctions for using male and female. Fair Play For Women was temporarily suspended for ‘hateful conduct’ for using the word “male”. We successfully appealed and Twitter admitted their mistake because under current UK law it is still accurate to state that most transwomen are the male sex. Indeed the Equality and Human Rights Commission has recently clarified this legal position. 我們已經開始看到Twitter對「男性（male）」和「女性（female）」的使用進行制裁。Fair Play For Women的推特帳號曾被暫時性凍結，因為使用了「男性(male)」一詞而被檢舉「仇恨行為」。我們後來申訴成功了，Twitter承認了他們的錯誤，因為根據現行的英國法律，陳述大多數跨女生理性別是男性，仍是準確的。事實上，平等人權委員會（Equality and Human Rights Commission）最近才澄清了這一法律立場。 Fair Play For Women has also been recently accused of ‘transphobic abuse’ by a newspaper for describing a transgender cricketer as male, despite this being legally accurate and relevant to discussions about fairness and safety in sport. We complained to the press regulator IPSO and won. Fair Play For Women最近也被一家報紙指責為「恐跨暴力」，因為我們將一個跨性別板球運動員描述為生理男性，儘管這在法律上是準確的，並且與體育運動公平和安全性的討論有關。我們向新聞監管機構IPSO投訴並獲勝。 But most shocking of all has been the increasing pressure not to use the words “male” and “female” in official policy development meetings. As a policy stakeholder invited to represent the sex-based rights of women and girls, both in the UK and internationally, we respectfully refuse. We use sex-based language not to be rude, but because gender identity is not the same characteristic as sex. Being able to acknowledge and identify the male and female sex is fundamental to the theory and practice of sex-based rights for women and girls. 但最令人震驚的是，在官方政策制定會議裡，受到越來越大的壓力，去迴避使用「male」和「female 」這兩個詞彙。作為英國和國際上，主張女人和女孩基於生理性別的權利利害關係代表，我們恭敬地表示拒絕。我們使用基於生理性別的語言不是為了粗魯，而是因為性別認同與生理性別不具有相同的特徵（characteristic）。能否認知、辨識出男性和女性的生理性別，是婦女和女孩「基於生理性別之權利」的理論和實踐基礎。 Self-ID GRA reform would fatally undermine the sex-based rights of women and girls. 基於自我性別認同（self-ID）的《性別承認法》修法，將會致命地損害婦女及女孩基於生理性別的權利。 It is no longer enough to treat a man as if he is woman. 把一個男人當作女人來對待已經不夠了。 It is not longer enough to consider all transwoman to be a type of woman. 認為所有跨性別女人是女人的一種類型已經不夠了。 It is now being demanded that all transwoman are *literally* female too. 現在被要求，所有的跨女也是字面上的女性。 Trans activists no longer wanted transwomen to be transgender. They wanted to be female, and for their trans history to be a secret. They wanted to be identical to the “cis women”. Indistinguishable from us. 跨性別運動者不再想要跨女是跨性別者。他們想成為生理女性（female），並希望他們的跨性別歷史成為一個秘密。他們希望與「順性別女人（cis women）」完全相同。與我們難以區分。 GRA reform won’t just allow every trans person to change the sex they were born on their birth certificate, it will also become impossible to confirm it was ever changed. On paper, a transwomen’s maleness will have been totally erased. 《性別承認法》修法將不只允許每個跨性別者修改身份證上的出生性別（sex），確認出生性別是否曾經被更改也將成為不可能。在紙本上，一個跨女的男性生理性別資訊將被完全的刪去。 How will campaigners, policy makers or journalists be able to do their job when we are all obliged to name someone born male, with a male body and male genitals, as being the female sex? 當我們都不得不把一個天生的男性，有男性的身體和男性的生殖器的人，稱為生物學上的女性（female）時，倡議者、政策制定者、記者要如何能夠進行他們的工作？ How can we protect single-sex spaces and services when we can no longer know or say who was born male or female? 當我們再也無法知道、或無法說出誰生來是男性或女性時，我們如何保護單一性別的空間和服務？ How can a female-only space ever be guaranteed to be male-free when we can no longer acknowledge that transwomen are actually the male sex. 當我們不能再認知跨女實際上是生理上的男性（male）時，一個純女性專用的空間如何能保證是沒有男性的？ How will you be able to express your legitimate concerns if you can no longer say things like: 如果你再也不能說出以下的話，你要如何表達你的合理擔憂： “I don’t want a transwoman to share a changing room with my daughter because that person is male” 「我不希望一個跨女和我的女兒共用一個更衣室，因為那個人是（生理）男性。」 “I don’t want a transwoman to perform a cervical smear on me because that person is male”. 「我不希望由一個跨女對我進行子宮頸抹片檢查，因為那個人是（生理）男性。」 “I don’t want my elderly mother to be washed and dressed by a transwoman at the care home because that person is male”. 「我不希望我年邁的母親在養老院由跨女洗漱和更衣，因為那個人是（生理）男性。」 “I don’t think its fair or safe for my daughter to play rugby against a team that fields a transwoman because that person is male”. 「我不認為我女兒與一支派出跨女的球隊打橄欖球，是公平或安全的，因為那個人是（生理）男性。」 If we can’t talk freely about the material reality of sex we can not discuss, monitor or uphold our sex-based rights. 如果我們不能自由地談論生理性別的現實，我們就不能討論、監督或維護我們基於生理性別的權利。 This is why is matters to women and girls. 這就是為什麼對婦女和女孩來說很重要。 This is why we had to say NO. 這就是為什麼我們必須說不。 This is why GRA reform was scrapped. 這就是《性別承認法》修法被取消的原因。
留言
張貼留言